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''Sapindus saponaria'' is a small to medium-sized deciduous tree native to the Americas. Common names include wingleaf soapberry, western soapberry, jaboncillo,〔 sulluku〔Hugo E. Delgado Sumar, ''Los recursos curativos vegetales en la medicina tradicional peruana''〕〔Louis Girault, ''Kallawaya - guérisseurs itinérants des Andes. Recherches sur les pratiques médicinales et magiques.'' Paris 1984. p. 301. ''Cholokke, Sulluku (K). Sapindus saponaria''〕〔César del Solar Meza, Rainer Hostnig (2006): ''Litograbados indígenas en la arquitectura colonial del Departamento del Cusco, Perú''〕 and mānele (Hawaiian). Its genus name, "''Sapindus''", comes from the Latin, meaning Indian soap, and its specific epithet means "soapy."〔 ==Description== It often grows in clumps or thickets reaching about 20 ft. (6.1 m) in height in the western part of its range. Solitary trees though can grow as tall as 50 ft. (15.2 m) in height. In the western part of its range it is most often found growing at the head of prairie ravines, the margins of woodlands, the edges of fields or on rocky hillsides. The leaves of the soapberry are alternate, pinnately compound, thick and leathery but deciduous, 8 in. (20 cm) to 15 in. (38 cm) in length, made up of 6 to 20 narrow lanceolate leaflets with smooth margins, long tapered tips, and uneven wedge-shaped bases which are 2 in. to 5 in. (5 cm to 13 cm) long and .75 in. to 1.5 in. (2 cm to cm) wide. Midveins on leaves of var. ''saponaria'' are mostly winged, while those of var. ''drummondii'' are never winged. The inflorescence are dense terminal panicles of small white flowers 6 in. to 10 in (15 cm to 20 cm) long. Flowering occurs in May–June for var. ''drummondii'' and in November for var. ''saponaria''. The fruit occur in large pyramidal clusters at the ends of branches. Each golden colored fruit is between 1.2 in. to 1.4 in. (3 cm to 3.6 cm) in diameter and becomes translucent and wrinkled when fully mature and contains a single black seed about .35 in (9 mm) in diameter. Fruits of var. ''drummondii'' ripen in October and often remain on the tree until spring, while those of var. ''saponaria'' ripen in spring. The twigs of var. ''drummondii'' are gray-brown and hairy with short tan colored hairs while those of var. ''saponaria'' are gray and hairless. Buds on var. ''drummondii'' are small dark brown and hairy while those on var. ''saponaria'' are small brown and hairless. The trunk of var. ''drummondii'' has light gray, scaly with thin plate like bark and sometimes shallowly furrowed while var. ''saponaria'' has gray to reddish colored scaly bark. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sapindus saponaria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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